Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever

Infectious Agent

Salmonella enterica serotypes Typhi and Paratyphi A, Paratyphi B, and Paratyphi C cause potentially severe and occasionally life-threatening bacteremic illnesses referred to respectively as typhoid and paratyphoid fever, and collectively as enteric fever. Paratyphi B is differentiated into 2 distinct pathotypes on the basis of their ability to ferment tartrate—one is unable to ferment tartrate and is associated with paratyphoid fever (referred to as Paratyphi B), and the other ferments tartrate and is associated with uncomplicated gastroenteritis (referred to as Paratyphi B var. L(+) tartrate+).

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